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What is Science Based Fitness?

Your free- source of information, news, and deep dive into the latest science in the world or fitness and health. We dive deep into the literature and debunk a lot of fake claims. Also, providing helpful tips and workouts to improve your health and quality of life. 

Anti-aging

Secrets to Anti Aging

Backed by science

Anti Aging Secrets

Social media health gurus claim to have the keys to fountain of youth. While some celebrities appear to age gracefully and look much younger than we’ve seen previously. Are people eating better? What about dieting? What are people doing to age gracefully? Is aging considered a disease and how to reduce age related health problems like neurocognitive disorders.

There’s a lot of data that shows reducing calories, or in other words, caloric restriction may be a large factor when it comes to lifespan. Mouse studies showed a significant increase in lifespan when calories were reduced. The study also shows a comparison between reducing carbohydrates in contrast to lifespan. There’s little evidence to support that ketogenic diets, intermittent fasting, fasting-mimicking diets, time restricted feeding, protein restriction and a reduction in specific amino acids in humans contributes to larger lifespan over caloric restriction. The possible difficulty in comparing human randomized control trials with mice studies is compatibility and dependency for subjects. More long-term data is needed to determine the effectiveness of diet and aging under macronutrient parameters.

How to reduce aging

As we age, we have a higher risk of neurocognitive disorders. Diet, lifestyle, and genetics are the primary factors for age-related diseases. However, there are many things we can do to limit our risk. The data doesn’t support the notion that we’re able to reverse or deny aging. However, we can take extra steps to maintain great health and limit our risk.

Key Strategies to Slow Aging

Diet and lifestyle

Polyphenols, abundant in plant-based foods, possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can help mitigate skin aging by combating oxidative stress, protecting against UV damage, and promoting collagen synthesis, potentially leading to healthier, more youthful-looking skin. 

Stay active

Healthy aging is the ability to maintain independence, purpose, vitality, and quality of life into old age despite unexpected medical conditions, accidents, and unhelpful social determinants of health.

Lifting Weights

Muscle is a big factor for longevity. The more muscle, the better health to a certain degree. 

Manage Stress

Stress triggers the release of inflammatory hormones, which can damage cells and tissues over time

Limit caffeine

Low to moderate consumption of caffeine can promote healthy aging whereas too much causes advanced skin aging. 

Stop smoking

Smoking releases harmful chemicals that damage DNA and shorten telomeres, protective caps at the ends of chromosomes. This leads to accelerated cellular aging and a reduced lifespan.

how to reverse aging

Backed by science

It’s well established that U.S. Adults don’t consume enough fruits and vegetables, which contributes to poor health outcomes. When it comes to cognitive function, those who consume higher fruits and vegetables had a significant reduction in odds of cognitive impairment. Higher consumption of fruits and vegetables in midlife may reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in late life.

What is NAD+?

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide plays an important role in a lot of critical cellular processes including energy metabolism, DNA repair, immunological functions and prevention of cognitive degenerative disease. As we age, our levels of NAD are depleted. Why is NAD important? Recent years have shown that NAD can play important roles in preventing and fighting several diseases. We can naturally boost our levels of NAD by practicing caloric restrictions, exercising, and fasting. However, we can deplete our levels of NAD by smoking, drinking, and consuming a high fat diet.

By middle age, NAD levels are estimated to be half that of our youth. So, how do NAD levels increase? Well, diet and lifestyle are important, and focusing on precursors to increase NAD levels. Consuming foods high in fruits and vegetables are important as well as supplementing with nicotinamide mononucleotide (MNM) naturally increase levels of NAD. avid Sinclair, Harvard University’s noted anti-aging researcher, whose research on resveratrol, NAD+ and sirtuins is world renowned, is also conducting human trials. He is taking NMN himself; he has said his lipid profile has improved dramatically and he feels more energetic and that his blood markers, at nearly 60 years old, are closer to those of a 31-year-old

Should you supplement with NMN?

Backed by science

Put to the test!  This randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial included 80 middle-aged healthy adults being randomized for a 60-day clinical trial with once daily oral dosing of placebo, 300 mg, 600 mg, or 900 mg NMN.

The primary objective was to evaluate blood NAD concentration with dose-dependent regimens. The secondary objectives were to assess the safety and tolerability of NMN supplementation, next to the evaluation of clinical efficacy by measuring physical performance (six-minute walking test), blood biological age (Aging.Ai 3.0 calculator), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and subjective general health assessment [36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36)].

Results

All 80 participants completed the trial without any violations. Meaning, they all took the correct amounts throughout the trial.  

Blood NAD concentrations were significantly increased among all NMN-treated groups at day 30 and day 60 when compared to both placebo and baseline.

Blood NAD concentrations were highest in the groups taking 600 mg and 900 mg NMN. No safety issues, based on monitoring adverse events (AEs), laboratory and clinical measures, were found, and NMN supplementation was well tolerated. The walking distance increase during the six-minute walking test was statistically significantly higher in the 300 mg, 600 mg, and 900 mg groups compared to placebo at both days 30 and 60 with longest walking distances measured in the 600 mg and 900 mg groups.

The blood biological age increased significantly in the placebo group and stayed unchanged in all NMN-treated groups on day 60, which resulted in a significant difference between the treated groups and placebo

Supplements with NMN shows very promising results especially for middle aged adults. More testing must be done on younger adults. However, it might be statistically irrelevant since adequate levels of NAD blood levels are present in young adults.

 

Anti aging Supplements

Best supplements backed by science 

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Curcumin (turmeric)

Curcumin is beneficial to human health, demonstrating pharmacological activities of anti-inflammation and antioxidation, as well as antitumor and immune regulation activities. Curcumin also presents therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. 

UniMall - sàn thương mại điện tử chuyên cung cấp các sản phẩm Gia Vị, Thực Phẩm, Đồ uống, Nông Sản và Trà chất lượng cao đạt chuẩn quốc tế FSSC, Halal, ISO 2009:2015.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)

EGCG functions as a powerful antioxidant, preventing oxidative damage in healthy cells, but also as an antiangiogenic and antitumor agent and as a modulator of tumor cell response to chemotherapy.

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Collagen

Human studies show that collagen supplements may improve skin elasticity, reduce wrinkles, increase skin hydration, and improve nail growth

saffron-which-provides-health-benefits

Saffron

Numerous studies have confirmed that saffron exact exhibits protective effects on the myocardium and might be beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular disease

Ashwagandha

L-theanine

Some research indicates that supplementing L-theanine may help improve brain function in middle-aged adults and protect against age-related liver dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation

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Rhodiola

Powerful anti inflammatory and may promote longevity. Several animal studies have shown significant results, but more research is needed for humans.

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References

Shilajit

Shilajit

Increase energy, testosterone, and strength, or just a myth? 

Shilajit

True or false?

Also known as Salajit, shilajatu, mimie, or mummiyo, and it’s a black-like powder gathered from the high mountain rocks from the Himalayans. Origins have been also discovered in Russia, Tibet, Afghanistan, and Chile. Shilajit has been used for centuries by the Ayurvedic Medicine for its antiaging properties and ability to increase strength and vitality. However, does Shilajit really work as people claim? That’s the question we seek to answer.

 

5e

Benefits of Shilajit

Fulvic Acid?  (FvA)

About Shilajit

Facts or Myth

What’s giving Shilajit this power? Shilajit’s unique composition as a phytocomplex is very rich in fulvic acid and selenium. fulvic acid, is known by its properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and memory enhancer. Novel investigations indicate that fulvic acid is an antiaggregation factor of tau protein in vitro, which projects fulvic acid as a potential anti-Alzheimer’s disease molecule.

Shilajit also contains dipenzo-a-pyrones (DBPs) and chromoproteins (DCPs) and are potent antioxidants, which plays a powerful role in reducing inflammation.

What is Fulvic Acid? (FvA)

Facts or Myth

What is Fulvic Acid?  (FvA)

Fulvic Acid comes from humic substances produced by microorganisms in soil. Traditional medicine and modern research claim FvA can modulate the immune system, influence the oxidative state of cells, and improve gastrointestinal function; all of which are hallmarks of diabetes.A randomized controlled trial shows treatment with Shilajit for 90 days at 250mg taken twice a day improved total testosterone, free testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone compared to placebo. The most significant increase was DHEA, which is a precursor of testosterone. After 90 days, there was nearly a 32% increase in DHEA.Another study focused on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Supplementation with Shilajit at 250mg for 48- week treatment shown the increased bone turnover, inflammation and oxidative stress that coincides with estrogen deficiency.

What about antiaging?

Facts or Myth

A randomized control trial shows significantly increased type 1 collagen synthesis, and collagen is a protein that makes up our skin, eyes, bones, ligaments, tendons, and muscle. Supplementation with Shilajit has been shown to increase collagen synthesis. However, the trial was to see if collagen synthesis resulted in increased circulating levels. The results were supplementing with 500 and 1000mg increased type 1 collagen synthesis and circulating levels as indicated by serum pro-c1α1.

 

What about muscle Recovery?

A study received 63 recreationally active men who were randomly given a low dose, high dose, and a placebo group. After 8 weeks of supplementing with 500mg, participates in the high dose group elicited favorable muscle and connective tissue adaptations. Meaning, while exercising on maximal voluntary isometric contractions strength, concentric peak torque, fatigue-induced percent decline in strength and serum hydroxyproline, the high does group maintained maximal muscular strength following the fatiguing protocol.

Conclusion, the randomize control trials were completed by using PrimaVie purified Shilajit extract, which may contain very little heavy metals as compared to other products. Not all Shilajit products are equal and therefore results may vary. Shilajit is a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, memory enhancer and may prevent against Alzheimer’s disease.

Product Recommendation

Only trusted products backed by science 

The product in all randomized controlled trials were PrimaVie
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References: 

Carrasco-Gallardo C, Guzmán L, Maccioni RB. Shilajit: a natural phytocomplex with potential procognitive activity. Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;2012:674142. doi: 10.1155/2012/674142. Epub 2012 Feb 23. PMID: 22482077; PMCID: PMC3296184.

Pandit, S., Biswas, S., Jana, U., De, R.K., Mukhopadhyay, S.C. and Biswas, T.K. (2016), Clinical evaluation of purified Shilajit on testosterone levels in healthy volunteers. Andrologia, 48: 570-575. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12482

 Usharani Pingali, Chandrasekhar Nutalapati, Shilajit extract reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and bone loss to dose-dependently preserve bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteopenia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Phytomedicine, Volume 105, 2022, 154334, ISSN 0944-7113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154334.

Morgado, A., Tsampoukas, G., Sokolakis, I. et al. Do “testosterone boosters” really increase serum total testosterone? A systematic review. Int J Impot Res 36, 348–364 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-023-00763-9

Winkler J, Ghosh S. Therapeutic Potential of Fulvic Acid in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Diabetes. J Diabetes Res. 2018 Sep 10;2018:5391014. doi: 10.1155/2018/5391014. PMID: 30276216; PMCID: PMC6151376.

Neltner TJ, Sahoo PK, Smith RW, Anders JPV, Arnett JE, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO, Natarajan SK, Housh TJ. Effects of 8 Weeks of Shilajit Supplementation on Serum Pro-c1α1, a Biomarker of Type 1

Are Seed Oils Toxic?

Seed Oils

Toxic or healthy? 

Are seed oils toxic?

Facts Or Myth

Social media influencers are out to demonize something new in order to get views and attention. After all, their online platform survives on getting attention.  Are seed oils really toxic, or is social media influencers promoting fear mongering around something most people don’t understand?  Similar to people fearing carbohydrates because of the claim around carbohydrates makes people fat, the same is true for seed oils. Are seed oils really bad, or is the food they’re packaged with? 

Seed oils are used in fried and packaged foods, so are the seed oils really bad, or is the higher consumption of high-calorie processed foods? 

What are seed oils?

Seed oils are extracted from the seeds of different plants, and are known as vegetable oils. Many social media influencers refer to them as the “Hateful Eight.” These include the following:

The Truth

Dietary fat sources are saturated, monounsaturated (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Although, we’re not discussing trans fat in-depth as they should be extremely limited, and there’s no value.  Seed oils fall into the polyunsaturated fat category, (omega -3 and omega 6)  and a lot of data promotes higher consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids results in healthier outcomes. Replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat has been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk and improve health outcomes.  However, polyunsaturated fats can improve health outcomes and can reduce inflammation, but a major problem with seed oils is the over consumption. Most fried foods are fried using vegetable oils, so the association between weight gain, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease comes from the over consumption of fried foods. The oils used in fried foods are often heated to high temperatures too frequently, and this may contribute to a negative health outcome. Also, foods that are fried are typically fatty meats or refined carbohydrates. 

Positive health outcomes from polyunsaturated fat is when daily intake of 2-3 tablespoons, and cooking temperatures is lower. However, it’s easy to overconsume oils especially when fried. Fats are more calorie dense than carbohydrates and protein, and contains 9 calories per-gram whereas protein and carbohydrates contain 4 calories per-gram. It’s also important to note the difference between frying seed oils in higher temperatures instead of cooking with seed oils in your home. 

Some data suggests a possible risk of oil-oxidation from high-temperature cooking and the process of  reheat/ reuse of oils. Removing seed oils from your diet can be beneficial since the elimination of many fried and package foods results in greater health outcomes when replaced with whole foods such as lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds. 

Saturated Fat

Founds in meat and dairy products.

Saturated fat raise levels of bad cholesterol in the blood known as Low-density Lipoprotein. (LDL) Higher elevation of LDL have been shown to increase risk of heart disease. 

Monounsaturated Fat

Found in meat, dairy and plants

Monounsaturated fats may lower LDL cholesterol and raise High-density Lipoprotein. (HDL) HDL is known to protect the heart and prevent cardiovascular disease. Replacing saturated fats with monounsaturated fats in the diet may lower the level of bad cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Triglycerides are fat cells that circulate in the bloodstream and are stored in the body’s fat cells. A high level of triglycerides in the blood increases the risk of diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

Polyunsaturated Fat

Polyunsaturated fats are made up of omega-6 and emega-3 fatty acids.

For optimal health, a balance of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids is important. Seed oils fall into the omega-6 classification whereas foods like fish, chia seeds, avocados, soybeans, flaxseed, walnuts, and oils from those sources  are high in omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids oxidize quickly and will discolor when exposed to oxygen. These fats can help lower LDL cholesterol, which can reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke

Trans Fat

Trans fat raises bad cholesterol and lowers good cholesterol.

Also known as Partially Hydrogenated Oils, trans fats are plant fats that have been chemically changed to be solid fat. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration conclude trans fats are no longer safe for U.S. production. 

Why Hate Seed Oils

Many wellness or nutritional influencers claim seed oils are inflammatory, but mostly because it’s a trending topic of discussion. Trending topics are important for social media algorithms if you want your content viewed by the public. Seed oils are a perfect example of classifying them as harmful when the data suggest a positive outcome. Seed oils contain linoleic acid, which some data suggest an increase risk of heart disease. However, majority data shows a neutral or positive outcome when consumed in moderation. Additionally,  replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fats shows an improvement in lowering LDL (Bad cholesterol)  and raising HDL. (Good cholesterol) The “Seed oils cause inflammation” notion started around the possibility that linoleic acid contributes to inflammation is based off the concern that large amounts of linoleic acid will increase arachidonic acid (AA) and other subsequent pro-inflammatory eicosanoids.   In other words, the higher consumption of linoleic acid may disrupt absorption and compete with omega-3 fatty acids, and thus, reduce the formation of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids. 

This theory is often tested in randomize control trials, which shown consumption of polyunsaturated fats had either a positive or neutral effect on biomarkers for inflammation. Based on the current data, we can conclude there’s no evidence to show seed oils increase inflammation, and the consumption of both polyunsaturated and monounsaturated is strongly encouraged. Data suggests a reduction in inflammatory biomarkers when a balance of omega-3 and omega-6 is consumed through diet. However, due to the caloric density of fat intake, it’s strongly recommended to consume between 5-10% of daily calories from fat. 

Replacing seed oils with Beef Tallow

High-fat diet is associated with an increased risk of many metabolic syndromes such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.  Due to the risk of increasing LDL cholesterol in the blood from consuming too much saturated fat, people look for other forms of fat to consume.  There’s some benefits to consuming beef tallow such as some vitamins and minerals. However, Beef tallow is an omega-6 polyunsaturated fat, and contains conjugated linoleic acid that may help prevent against cardiovascular disease. Beef tallow and seed oils are both polyunsaturated fatty acids. The primary difference is linoleic acid found in seed oils and conjugated linolenic acid found in beef tallow. The current data shown greater fat accumulation in mice when fed beef tallow than safflower oil. More studies must be done to show any greater benefit. However, they’re both similar by structure.

Moderation and Balance: The potential harm of seed oils likely stems from overconsumption and imbalance with omega-3s, not the oils themselves. Aim for a varied fat intake, including omega-3-rich foods (e.g., salmon, walnuts, chia seeds).
 
 

Conclusion:

Seed oils are not inherently “toxic” when consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet, and regulatory bodies deem them safe. However, concerns about their omega-6 content, processing methods, and use in ultra-processed foods warrant caution. Choosing high-quality oils, limiting processed food intake, and balancing omega-6s with omega-3s can mitigate potential risks.
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References

  • Su H, Liu R, Chang M, Huang J, Wang X. Dietary linoleic acid intake and blood inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Funct. 2017 Sep 20;8(9):3091-3103. doi: 10.1039/c7fo00433h. PMID: 28752873.
  • Su H, Liu R, Chang M, Huang J, Jin Q, Wang X. Effect of dietary alpha-linolenic acid on blood inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Nutr. 2018 Apr;57(3):877-891. doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1386-2. Epub 2017 Mar 8. PMID: 28275869.
  • DiNicolantonio JJ, O’Keefe JH. Omega-6 vegetable oils as a driver of coronary heart disease: the oxidized linoleic acid hypothesis. Open Heart. 2018 Sep 26;5(2):e000898. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2018-000898. PMID: 30364556; PMCID: PMC6196963.
  • DiNicolantonio JJ, O’Keefe JH. Omega-6 vegetable oils as a driver of coronary heart disease: the oxidized linoleic acid hypothesis. Open Heart. 2018 Sep 26;5(2):e000898. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2018-000898. PMID: 30364556; PMCID: PMC6196963.
  • JM Hodgson, ML Wahlqvist, JA Boxall, ND Balazs,
    Can linoleic acid contribute to coronary artery disease?,
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,
    Volume 58, Issue 2, 1993, Pages 228-234, ISSN 0002-9165,
    https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/58.2.228.
  • Tian M, Bai Y, Tian H, Zhao X. The Chemical Composition and Health-Promoting Benefits of Vegetable Oils-A Review. Molecules. 2023 Sep 1;28(17):6393. doi: 10.3390/molecules28176393. PMID: 37687222; PMCID: PMC10489903.
  • Yamashima T, Ota T, Mizukoshi E, Nakamura H, Yamamoto Y, Kikuchi M, Yamashita T, Kaneko S. Intake of ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Rich Vegetable Oils and Risk of Lifestyle Diseases. Adv Nutr. 2020 Nov 16;11(6):1489-1509. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmaa072. PMID: 32623461; PMCID: PMC7666899.
  • Fritsche KL. Linoleic acid, vegetable oils & inflammation. Mo Med. 2014 Jan-Feb;111(1):41-3. PMID: 24645297; PMCID: PMC6179509.
  • Damude HG, Kinney AJ. Enhancing plant seed oils for human nutrition. Plant Physiol. 2008 Jul;147(3):962-8. doi: 10.1104/pp.108.121681. PMID: 18612073; PMCID: PMC2442541.
  • Sayon-Orea C, Carlos S, Martínez-Gonzalez MA. Does cooking with vegetable oils increase the risk of chronic diseases?: a systematic review. British Journal of Nutrition. 2015;113(S2):S36-S48. doi:10.1017/S0007114514002931
  • Gadiraju TV, Patel Y, Gaziano JM, Djoussé L. Fried Food Consumption and Cardiovascular Health: A Review of Current Evidence. Nutrients. 2015 Oct 6;7(10):8424-30. doi: 10.3390/nu7105404. PMID: 26457715; PMCID: PMC4632424.
  • Lee J, Lee JK, Lee JJ, Park S, Jung S, Lee HJ, Ha JH. Partial Replacement of High-Fat Diet with Beef Tallow Attenuates Dyslipidemia and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in db/db Mice. J Med Food. 2022 Jun;25(6):660-674. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2022.K.0019. Epub 2022 May 26. PMID: 35617705.
  • Matsuo T, Sumida H, Suzuki M. Beef tallow diet decreases beta-adrenergic receptor binding and lipolytic activities in different adipose tissues of rat. Metabolism. 1995 Oct;44(10):1271-7. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(95)90028-4. PMID: 7476283.

Saffron

Saffron

What are the health benefits of Saffron? 

Saffron

Possible cure for depression?

Saffron is a very costly spice, and also known as Saffron Crocus. An increasing number of studies shows a lot of benefits for saffron. More randomize, double-blind, placebo control trials are showing promising results in overall health including inflammation, stress, anxiety, depression, cancer prevention, increase libido, and weight loss. 

Known as the sunshine spice due it’s distant color and mood enhancing affects. Saffron is also a very powerful anti-oxidant, which may help prevent many different types of cancers.  Supplementing with 60mg of Saffron for 12 weeks shown significant reduction in weight, fasting triglycerides and increase fasting HDL levels. Saffron constitutes a promising nutraceutical option for adolescents and children with obesity and prediabetes. 

Saffron could be an alternative to other SSRI medications in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms with little to no side effects. More large scale data is required to prove saffron is similar to an SSRI. 

Saffron may play a crucial role in male reproductive health and erectile dysfunction. Although prediabetes is a major risk factor erectile dysfunction, saffron may have aphrodisiac-like properties. 

Enhance mood

Studies show that saffron may improve mood and sleep. 

Decrease inflammation

Among active young adults, Saffron has been shown in improve recovery and make workouts more enjoyable in males. 

Help with weight loss

Saffron may help reduce appetite, body mass index, waist circumference and fat mass. 

Science Based Review

We highly recommend the benefits of saffron with turmeric. 

The combination of saffron with the benefits and anti-inflammation properties of turmeric delivers the best potential of decreased inflammation elevated mood.

Saffron + Turmeric

Turmeric

Major benefits for brain and body health

Turmeric contains compounds called curcuminoids that’s been shown to reduce inflammation and pain. The most popular curcuminoid is curcumin, and it’s the main active ingredient in turmeric. 

Cinnamon

Anti-inflammatory, aid in metabolic disease and help lose weight

Cinnamon is a spice that’s been shown to improve cardiovascular biomarkers. There’s evidence to show that cinnamon is rich in polyphenols, and may have a beneficial effect on cardio metabolic health, cholesterol, stress and inflammation. 

Cardamom

May help with high blood pressure, weight loss, and infection

Cardamom may help lower blood pressure, improve digestive issues, and help immune function. Research shows a protective compound found in cardamom may help prevent cancers cells from forming or developing. When cardamom is paired with turmeric, data found the combination to be even more effective at preventing tumor growth. 

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References

  • Kotanidou EP, Tsinopoulou VR, Giza S, Ntouma S, Angeli C, Chatziandreou M, Tsopelas K, Tseti I, Galli-Tsinopoulou A. The Effect of Saffron Kozanis (Crocus sativus L.) Supplementation on Weight Management, Glycemic Markers and Lipid Profile in Adolescents with Obesity: A Double-Blinded Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Children (Basel). 2023 Nov 15;10(11):1814. doi: 10.3390/children10111814. PMID: 38002905; PMCID: PMC10670718.
  • Tóth B, Hegyi P, Lantos T, Szakács Z, Kerémi B, Varga G, Tenk J, Pétervári E, Balaskó M, Rumbus Z, Rakonczay Z, Bálint ER, Kiss T, Csupor D. The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis. Planta Med. 2019 Jan;85(1):24-31. doi: 10.1055/a-0660-9565. Epub 2018 Jul 23. PMID: 30036891.
  • El Midaoui A, Ghzaiel I, Vervandier-Fasseur D, Ksila M, Zarrouk A, Nury T, Khallouki F, El Hessni A, Ibrahimi SO, Latruffe N, Couture R, Kharoubi O, Brahmi F, Hammami S, Masmoudi-Kouki O, Hammami M, Ghrairi T, Vejux A, Lizard G. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.): A Source of Nutrients for Health and for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Age-Related Diseases. Nutrients. 2022 Jan 29;14(3):597. doi: 10.3390/nu14030597. PMID: 35276955; PMCID: PMC8839854.
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  • Seyedi-Sahebari S, Farhang S, Araj-Khodaei M, Akhondzadeh S, Naseri A, Sanaie S, Frounchi N. The Effects of Crocus sativus (Saffron) on ADHD: A Systematic Review. J Atten Disord. 2024 Jan;28(1):14-24. doi: 10.1177/10870547231203176. Epub 2023 Oct 21. PMID: 37864351.
  • Shafiee A, Jafarabady K, Seighali N, Mohammadi I, Rajai Firouz Abadi S, Abhari FS, Bakhtiyari M. Effect of Saffron Versus Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) in Treatment of Depression and Anxiety: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutr Rev. 2024 Jun 24:nuae076. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae076. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38913392.
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Cocoa Can Save Your Life

Cocoa Powder

Health Benefits

Cocoa_Powder

Cocoa Powder

Why should you add it to your diet

Cocoa Powder might be a great addition to your diet to improve your health. Cocoa contains polyphenols, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. Cocoa also contains flavanols, and data shows that flavanols can reduce inflammation. 

Theobromine

And other Anti-oxidants

Theobromine found in cocoa is a natural alkaloid. Similar to caffeine’s affect on adenosine to make us feel more awake and alert, theobromine works similarly without  the jitters or stimulating affects of caffeine. Theobromine provides neuroprotection against age-related cognitive impairments such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. In regards to weight loss, theobromine enhances fat breakdown and contributes to weight reduction.   The benefits of theobromine include: 

Summary of benefits

Take the first step to your healthiest self.

Cocoa powder offers numerous health benefits when consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet. Rich in antioxidants, particularly flavonoids, it helps combat oxidative stress, reducing inflammation and potentially lowering the risk of chronic diseases like heart disease and cancer. It supports cardiovascular health by improving blood flow, lowering blood pressure, and enhancing cholesterol levels. Cocoa powder also contains minerals such as magnesium, iron, and potassium, which support muscle function, oxygen transport, and electrolyte balance. Additionally, it may boost mood and cognitive function due to compounds like theobromine and phenylethylamine, which can promote feelings of well-being and mental clarity. Its low calorie and fat content, especially in unsweetened varieties, makes it a versatile ingredient for healthy recipes.

Best way to eat cocoa Power?

eat delicious while burning extra fat

Cocoa powder should be at least 75% cocoa. However, data suggests a higher percentage promotes better health outcomes. You can add cocoa powder to smoothies, cereals, oatmeal, baked goods, pancakes, coffee, yogurt, mix with peanut butter or add to fruit.

References


  • Journal Article A Hahn, Joshua A Virk, Hafeez Ul Hassan A Wang, Zhen A Tang, Wai Hong WA Krittanawong, Chayakrit
     T Abstract 14006: Cardiovascular Health Benefits of Theobromine in Cacao and Chocolate D 2021 J Circulation P A14006-A14006 V 144 N Suppl_1 R doi:10.1161/circ.144.suppl_1.14006 U https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/circ.144.suppl_1.14006
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    Health benefits and mechanisms of theobromine,
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  •  

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)

They Key to Anti-aging

As we get older, we lose the ability to produce certain molecules that help the body stay youthful. As we age, we experience greater amounts of inflammation, DNA damage, and slower metabolism. Some longevity experts claim aging is disease we all experience. However, anti-aging supplements may not actually prevent aging as much help aid in graceful aging. Nicotinaminde Mononucleotide (NMN) is a precursor for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. (NAD) Our bodies utilize NAD for variety of functions like energy metabolism, DNA repair, gene expression and cellular stress responses.  Throughout our lives, we lose concentrations of NAD, and supplementing with NMN could significantly improve many biomarkers and aid in longevity.

Additional benefits include:

Put NMN To the test

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a precursor to NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), a vital coenzyme in cellular energy production and metabolic processes, offering several potential health benefits. NMN supplementation may enhance cellular repair and energy metabolism by boosting NAD+ levels, which decline with age, potentially slowing aging-related processes. It supports cardiovascular health by improving blood vessel function and reducing oxidative stress.
 
NMN may also enhance insulin sensitivity, aiding in better blood sugar regulation, which is beneficial for metabolic health. Additionally, it shows promise in supporting cognitive function and neuroprotection, potentially reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. While research is ongoing, NMN’s role in promoting mitochondrial function and overall cellular health makes it a compelling compound for longevity and wellness. 
 

How does NMN work when supplementation is put to the test for athletic performance and aging? In animal studies, NMN supplementation increase nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) concentrations and improves health span and lifespan.  A randomized clinical trial included 80 middle-aged health adults for 60-days taking a once daily oral dosing of 300, 600, and 900mg.

What were the results of the study?

meghan-holmes-779221-unsplash.jpg

NMN Results

Randomize control trial of 80 middle aged adults taking NMN for 60 days saw significant improvements in the slowing of aging as well as athletic performance. 

Optimal dosage appears to be around a 600mg daily intake. However, safe and effective dosage drawn from the literature appears to be safe up to 1,000mg. Although, long term studies are currently in review. 

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References

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  • arshani Nadeeshani, Jinyao Li, Tianlei Ying, Baohong Zhang, Jun Lu,
    Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) as an anti-aging health product – Promises and safety concerns, Journal of Advanced Research, Volume 37, 2022, Pages 267-278,
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    (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123221001491)
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    Chapter Six – Role of Nitric Oxide in Stress-Induced Anxiety: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Target,
    Editor(s): Gerald Litwack, Vitamins and Hormones, Academic Press, Volume 103, 2017, Pages 147-167, ISSN 0083-6729, ISBN 9780128119143,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.vh.2016.09.004.
    (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0083672916300462)
  • Yoshino M, Yoshino J, Kayser BD, Patti GJ, Franczyk MP, Mills KF, Sindelar M, Pietka T, Patterson BW, Imai SI, Klein S. Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women. Science. 2021 Jun 11;372(6547):1224-1229. doi: 10.1126/science.abe9985. Epub 2021 Apr 22. PMID: 33888596; PMCID: PMC8550608.
  • Shintaro Yamaguchi, Junichiro Irie, Masanori Mitsuishi, Yuichi Uchino, Hideaki Nakaya, Ryo Takemura, Emi Inagaki, Shotaro Kosugi, Hideyuki Okano, Masato Yasui, Kazuo Tsubota, Kaori Hayashi, Jun Yoshino, Hiroshi Itoh, Safety and efficacy of long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation on metabolism, sleep, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis in healthy, middle-aged Japanese men, Endocrine Journal, 2024, Volume 71, Issue 2, Pages 153-169, Released on J-STAGE February 28, 2024, Advance online publication January 06, 2024, Online ISSN 1348-4540, Print ISSN 0918-8959, https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0431, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/71/2/71_EJ23-0431/_article/-char/en, Abstract: